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Application of filter press for coal slurry blended with medium coal in mining coal processing plant

Category.Technical Literature 921

introductory

隨著國(guó)家工業(yè)化進(jìn)程加速前進(jìn),煤炭洗選行業(yè)積極響應(yīng)國(guó)家號(hào)召,提高煤炭綜合創(chuàng)效能力。在國(guó)家環(huán)保政策的要求下,煤泥水處理問(wèn)題越發(fā)嚴(yán)重,在一定程度上影響到整個(gè)礦區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。因此,響應(yīng)政府“吃干榨凈”的號(hào)召,對(duì)煤炭洗選產(chǎn)品充分回收、利用,在滿(mǎn)足政府要求及客戶(hù)要求上提升煤炭綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效益成為重中之重。

1概況馬蘭礦選煤廠(chǎng)生產(chǎn)能力為400萬(wàn)t/a,目前所用工藝為三產(chǎn)品重介旋流器、粗煤泥TBS分選和細(xì)煤泥浮選聯(lián)合分選工藝。在煤炭洗選過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量煤泥,該選煤廠(chǎng)煤泥年產(chǎn)率約為10萬(wàn)t,通過(guò)加壓過(guò)濾機(jī)壓濾后轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)至煤泥棚落地銷(xiāo)售,選煤廠(chǎng)目前用于煤泥壓濾設(shè)備為4臺(tái)壓濾機(jī),根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)需求,日常同時(shí)開(kāi)起設(shè)備4臺(tái)。由表1所示,該廠(chǎng)壓濾機(jī)入料小于 0.125 mm粒級(jí)產(chǎn)物接近80%,細(xì)粒級(jí)煤的比表面積大、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)達(dá),具有較強(qiáng)的吸水性,細(xì)粒級(jí)過(guò)多導(dǎo)致煤泥壓濾入料粘度大,脫水相對(duì)困難。煤泥灰分較低,在經(jīng)過(guò)壓濾脫水后水分仍有20%左右,水分偏高、粘性大、熱值低,無(wú)法摻配售賣(mài),造成資源大量浪費(fèi),并且在煤泥運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中也會(huì)對(duì)廠(chǎng)區(qū)環(huán)境造成影響。

2煤泥摻配系統(tǒng)改造方案

2.1工藝流程如圖1所示,如果本次煤泥摻配系統(tǒng)改造成功,從煤泥廠(chǎng)房的Coal sludge filter press入料桶開(kāi)始,增設(shè)管道由泵打入新建壓濾車(chē)間High Pressure Diaphragm Filter Press,壓濾完成后濾液經(jīng)溜槽進(jìn)入主廠(chǎng)房濾液桶;壓濾后煤泥產(chǎn)品經(jīng)溜槽進(jìn)入煤泥收集刮板輸送機(jī)運(yùn)送至破碎機(jī),經(jīng)過(guò)破碎后煤泥由轉(zhuǎn)載帶式輸送機(jī)運(yùn)輸至轉(zhuǎn)載站,經(jīng)機(jī)頭溜槽給入煤泥緩存?zhèn)},根據(jù)智能配煤系統(tǒng)所檢測(cè)的數(shù)據(jù),按照設(shè)定總帶煤量和配比自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)螺旋給煤的頻率,通過(guò)螺旋給煤機(jī)頻率微調(diào)和螺旋給煤機(jī)臺(tái)數(shù)粗調(diào)相結(jié)合的方式,將煤泥分散均勻給入現(xiàn)有中煤帶式輸送機(jī)。此次改造將保留原有煤泥壓濾系統(tǒng),通過(guò)新建壓濾系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品多元化,根據(jù)實(shí)際煤泥質(zhì)量進(jìn)行配比銷(xiāo)售,實(shí)現(xiàn)提檔銷(xiāo)售。

2.2工業(yè)試驗(yàn)

1)樣品制備。本文所使用的煤樣來(lái)自西山馬蘭礦選煤廠(chǎng)煤泥壓濾機(jī)入料,將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)壓濾機(jī)入料桶中煤泥水進(jìn)行采樣,用桶密封裝好帶回實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

2)試驗(yàn)步驟。①將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)樣品攪拌均勻倒入實(shí)驗(yàn)室攪拌桶桶中;②通過(guò)入料泵將攪拌均勻煤泥水打入高壓隔膜壓濾機(jī);③開(kāi)啟壓榨水泵進(jìn)行二次壓榨;④壓濾完成后將濾餅進(jìn)行破碎、化驗(yàn)。

2.3試驗(yàn)結(jié)果及分析

高壓隔膜壓濾機(jī)能夠?qū)⒚耗鄩簽V脫水至10.98%左右,極大程度降低煤泥水分,并有效提高煤泥發(fā)熱量,提高至2421.6大卡左右。改造后煤泥濾餅深度脫水明顯,達(dá)到預(yù)期效果。結(jié)合試驗(yàn)結(jié)果說(shuō)明此次改造的研究方向可行,能夠?yàn)檫x煤廠(chǎng)創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。

礦選煤廠(chǎng)煤泥摻中煤壓濾機(jī)應(yīng)用-板框廂式隔膜壓濾機(jī)

2.4高壓隔膜壓濾機(jī)工作流程及特點(diǎn)

2.4.1工作流程壓緊濾板→一次壓榨→二次壓榨→松板卸料。首先通過(guò)壓緊油缸工作將濾板定板移動(dòng)達(dá)到壓緊狀態(tài),形成封閉濾室;然后由入料泵將物料打入壓濾機(jī)濾室內(nèi),物料充滿(mǎn)后借助入料泵的壓力進(jìn)行第一次壓榨;在一次壓榨結(jié)束后關(guān)閉入料泵,啟動(dòng)壓榨泵將高壓水通入濾室,借助水的壓力對(duì)物料進(jìn)行二次壓榨,進(jìn)一步減少水分;最后利用拉開(kāi)裝置按照設(shè)定次序拉開(kāi)濾板,濾餅自行脫落至下部運(yùn)輸裝置進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。

2.4.2高壓隔膜壓濾機(jī)特點(diǎn)1)處理量大:目前1臺(tái)高壓隔膜壓濾機(jī)的處理量可替換現(xiàn)有4臺(tái)壓濾機(jī),極大程度上降低了設(shè)備運(yùn)營(yíng)、維護(hù)成本。2)壓濾后產(chǎn)品水分低:在進(jìn)行二次壓榨后煤泥產(chǎn)品水分明顯降低,根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,煤泥水分能夠控制在10~12 之間。3)自動(dòng)化程度高:設(shè)備已完成實(shí)現(xiàn)PLC自動(dòng)控制,同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)壓緊、自動(dòng)壓榨、自動(dòng)拉板、自動(dòng)卸料等技術(shù),減少人工成本。

2.5工藝布置如圖3所示,設(shè)計(jì)在主廠(chǎng)房旁空閑場(chǎng)地,新建鋼結(jié)構(gòu)壓濾車(chē)間,在車(chē)間內(nèi)部建造混凝土壓濾機(jī)操作平臺(tái),共有4層;1層(-1.50 m平面)布置壓榨水箱、壓榨水泵、排污泵、煤泥轉(zhuǎn)載帶式輸送機(jī);2層(+3.50 m平面)布置破碎機(jī);3層(+7.50 m平面)布置煤泥收集刮板輸送機(jī);4層(+10.50 m平面)布置1臺(tái)壓濾機(jī)。含固約40%左右的煤泥由泵從壓濾機(jī)入料桶打入高壓隔膜壓濾機(jī),進(jìn)行高壓壓榨(工作壓力范圍 7~10MPa)脫水后,由煤泥收集刮板輸送機(jī)運(yùn)至破碎機(jī),濾餅破碎后經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)載帶式輸送機(jī)運(yùn)輸至煤泥緩存?zhèn)},根據(jù)智能配煤系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行與中煤摻配。

3智能配煤系統(tǒng)

3.1煤泥摻配可行性分析

隨著煤泥與中煤摻配比例的增大,得到混煤產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量(灰分、水分、發(fā)熱量)逐漸向中煤產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量靠近;從計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)看,煤泥與中煤摻配后混煤產(chǎn)婆與中煤產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量相差不大,說(shuō)明煤泥可均勻摻配至中煤中,對(duì)最終產(chǎn)品影響較小,從而使煤泥的銷(xiāo)售價(jià)格大幅度提升。

3.2智能配煤系統(tǒng)

3.2.1煤質(zhì)在線(xiàn)檢測(cè)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,煤質(zhì)的檢測(cè)需要經(jīng)過(guò)采樣、破碎、縮分、制樣等前處理環(huán)節(jié)后才可進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,數(shù)小時(shí)后才可得到結(jié)果,時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)無(wú)法及時(shí)獲取準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù)。本系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)灰分、水分等信息實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè),減免了煤質(zhì)化驗(yàn)的繁瑣過(guò)程,能夠使得工人在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行工藝參數(shù)調(diào)節(jié),規(guī)避了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果滯后所帶來(lái)的一系列問(wèn)題。

3.2.2智能煤質(zhì)在線(xiàn)分析系統(tǒng)根據(jù)煤質(zhì)在線(xiàn)檢測(cè)所得到的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)(灰分、水分、發(fā)熱量)、生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)煤泥處理量以及提前設(shè)定好的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量要求,通過(guò)系統(tǒng)模型自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)煤泥摻配比例、帶式輸送機(jī)頻率、給煤量,使配煤過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)完全自動(dòng)化。其中包括煤量配比計(jì)算模型、配煤系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控、自動(dòng)控制總帶煤量及配比及其自動(dòng)化。綜上所述,通過(guò)在煤泥帶式輸送機(jī)上添加X(jué)型在線(xiàn)灰水儀,實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)中煤、煤泥的質(zhì)量情況。在配煤開(kāi)始前,調(diào)整最終產(chǎn)品要求,根據(jù)中煤、煤泥的實(shí)時(shí)質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù),系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)推送合適的摻配方案,并且自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)摻配比例,使最終產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量保持在目標(biāo)灰分、水分附件。實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品多元化,有效提高廠(chǎng)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。

礦選煤廠(chǎng)煤泥摻中煤壓濾機(jī)應(yīng)用-板框廂式隔膜壓濾機(jī)

4經(jīng)濟(jì)效益

4.1煤泥摻配系統(tǒng)改造投資

煤泥摻配系統(tǒng)改造所需要的投資費(fèi)用大致為668萬(wàn)元,土建和設(shè)備安裝及管路配電系統(tǒng)為1 150萬(wàn)元,共預(yù)計(jì)1 818萬(wàn)元。

4.2經(jīng)濟(jì)效益馬蘭礦選煤廠(chǎng)目前煤泥主要處理方式為送至電廠(chǎng)進(jìn)行配煤或者低價(jià)銷(xiāo)售,目前廠(chǎng)區(qū)煤泥系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行成本中煤泥轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)費(fèi)用大致為1.50元/t,在新的摻配系統(tǒng)改造完成后將無(wú)需這些成本的投入,并且新選壓濾機(jī)僅為1臺(tái),較原有壓濾系統(tǒng)更加便捷,運(yùn)營(yíng)成本也遠(yuǎn)低于原有壓濾系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)市場(chǎng)調(diào)查,目前馬蘭礦選煤廠(chǎng)煤泥價(jià)格為20元/t左右,中煤價(jià)格為180元/t左右,在滿(mǎn)足客戶(hù)質(zhì)量要求時(shí),將煤泥摻配入中煤進(jìn)行銷(xiāo)售能夠極大程度上提高煤泥售價(jià)。如果進(jìn)行改造,可產(chǎn)生效益(180 – 20)×10萬(wàn)t=1600萬(wàn)元,預(yù)計(jì)1年2個(gè)月回本。綜上所述,煤泥摻配系統(tǒng)能夠能夠極大程度上降低煤泥水分,提高煤泥售價(jià),并且使得廠(chǎng)區(qū)產(chǎn)品多元化,使廠(chǎng)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益更大化。

5結(jié)論

1)通過(guò)煤泥摻配系統(tǒng)改造,能夠使得廠(chǎng)區(qū)產(chǎn)品多元化,煤泥實(shí)現(xiàn)提檔銷(xiāo)售。

2)通過(guò)工業(yè)試驗(yàn),新選壓濾機(jī)能夠使煤泥水分脫至10.98%左右,發(fā)熱量提高至2421.6大卡左右。3)通過(guò)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益對(duì)比,改造后煤泥摻配進(jìn)入中煤銷(xiāo)售,或者煤泥單獨(dú)售賣(mài),經(jīng)濟(jì)效益均有所提升,使得廠(chǎng)區(qū)效益更大化。


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