introductory

Filter press is a solid-liquid separation equipment, mainly used for recycling coal slurry, which can separate the coal mine, coal washing plant tailing water into coal cake and clear water, improve coal utilisation; at the same time, it plays an important role in environmental protection, reduces coal slurry sedimentation ponds, so that the industrial footprint is reduced, and thus is the necessary equipment for the closed loop cycle of the wash water in the coal washing plant. Coal washing plant has a chamber filter press, in the use of some common failures affect the use of the effect. In this paper, the type of filter press as an example, some common failures of the chamber filter press to make an analysis, and put forward solutions.

Structural Principle of Filter Press

The filter press consists of several parts: oil cylinder, head plate, tail plate, filter plate, transmission part, pump station, electric part, body, cake unloading mechanism, water catching disc. The pump station and transmission part are controlled by the electric part, so that the oil cylinder presses or loosens the filter plate, and completes the dislodging of the filter cake and the recovery of clean water.

Working Principle

Coal slurry water enters between the filter plates through the hole in the middle of the tailboard. The water penetrates through the filter cloth and discharges from the lower outlet hole of the water tank between the filter cloth and the filter plate, while the solid particles are blocked by the filter cloth inside the filter chamber, and gradually increase to the formation of the filter cake, and at that time the feeding is stopped, and the cylinder is opened, and the head plate is withdrawn from leaving the filter plate about stopping. At this time, the transmission part began to work, so that the cake is unloaded, after unloading, the filter plate is once again pressed, for the next filtration, the work of the week again and again.

Oil Pump Working Pressure Head Plate Stroke Single Cycle Handling Capacity Oil Pump Motor Power Common Problems

(1) The filtrate comes out black, mixed with coal sludge water.

(2) Jet flow of coal slurry water from between the filter plates.

(3) Shortly after the press filtration, the jetting of coal slurry water starts.

(4) The headboard displacement is too slow and crawls and moves.

(5) Large tailboard offset.

(6) Noisy vibration at the high pressure end of the cylinder when relieving pressure.

(7) Frequent impacts of the pulling device on the filter plate handle do not return.

(8) The filter press does not operate or malfunctions. Failure cause analysis and solution #!Filter plate parts are not intact Filter plate parts are not intact on the normal operation of the filter press is critical. Filter cloth damage, leakage can make the filtrate out of the black, the filter plate pressure density is not tight, the plate surface folder with coal sludge debris, the filter cloth folded and the thickness of the filter cloth is not uniform, can make the filter plate between the jet stream of coal sludge water, the bottom of the filter cloth folder residual coal sludge, the bottom of the filter cloth thickening, can make the tail deflection is large.

Therefore, the maintenance management of the filter plate components can reduce the damage of the filter plate to ensure that no water spray and filtrate out of the black, specifically to do:

(1) The rubber mat is well placed and should not come out around it. (2) The filter cloth is placed flat, no folding and wrinkling, no broken leakage, the edge extends beyond the filter plate, the rope and belt should be tied well, and there is no deposited coal sludge.

(3) Regular cleaning of filter cloths, with provisions made depending on use.

(4) The filter cloth inlet and the surrounding coal sludge should be cleaned up, so as not to cause uneven feeding, the pressure difference between the two sides of the filter plate is too large, which will cause damage.

Hydraulic Component Failure Noise and Vibration The noise of the hydraulic system has two kinds of mechanical noise and fluid noise.

Mechanical noise are: motor noise, coupling noise, bearing noise, oil tank noise.

Fluid noise are: hydraulic pump is the main source of noise, its noise accounts for about the whole system noise.

Fluid noise from valves. Fluid noise of piping. Noise caused by air pockets.

Hydraulic pump noise is mainly due to: hydraulic pump suction seal is not tight, air into; oil viscosity, flow resistance increases; oil is too dirty, oil filter clogging; oil temperature is too low; oil seal seal is not tight, from the pump shaft oil seal into the air. Noise is also too high because: relief valve spool in the valve body movement is not flexible; spool valve seat clearance; oil impurities, blocking damping holes and so on.

The main reasons for mechanical noise are: hydraulic pump and motor coupling is not centrifugal or loose; motor loose; bearing damage and so on.

For this reason, in the operation of the equipment should be frequently observed and inspected, select the appropriate hydraulic oil, timely replacement of damaged oil seals and other seals, improve the quality of the fluid, to maintain a clean working environment, to prevent the system hydraulic oil invasion of air, moisture, regular oil change, careful maintenance of the tank cover, piping, filters, relief valves and so on. Inspection and maintenance of the motor and hydraulic pump, to maintain the motor and pump coupling coaxiality is not greater than. Insufficient system flow caused by insufficient system flow is: tank oil level is too low, the hydraulic pump suction is poor; oil viscosity is too large or too small; pump wear and tear is serious, performance degradation; cylinders, valves sealing components are damaged, too much internal leakage and so on. By replenishing the oil, cleaning the oil filter, replacing the oil with the right viscosity, repairing or replacing the hydraulic components, you can solve the problem of insufficient flow. System without pressure or insufficient pressure system pressure caused by insufficient cylinder creep, the cylinder can not hold pressure, mainly relief valve failure, pressure oil leakage outside the large, hydraulic pumps, valves, cylinders and other components of serious wear and tear, sealing components are damaged, etc., to solve the problem is: repair or replacement of the relief valve, check the seals, and repair or replacement in a timely manner.

Electrical Faults Electrical faults occur due to:

Loose wires, wrong wiring, component action is not sensitive or damaged, loose bolts, parts touched or loose, the circuit and the oil circuit does not correspond to the pressure relay is not adjusted appropriately, can be adjusted components are not adjusted, wire internal disconnections and so on. The handling of electrical faults requires electrical personnel not only to be familiar with the electrical schematic diagram, the performance of electrical components, but also to understand the hydraulic schematic diagram, the control of the filter press and the power transmission relationship; at the same time, we must understand the working status of the filter press and the working process. According to the time of failure, in which work process, in which action occurs, to determine the fault in the region. For some easy to occur faults, go to check first, can speed up the speed of troubleshooting, such as loose wires, pressure relay is not adjusted properly or damaged and so on. In addition, when overhauling and installing, pay attention to the original position of the parts and the size of the relationship, keep the original. Circuit, wiring oil pipe connection should be well marked, do not connect the wrong location to prevent not working properly. Pull the plate system, oil circuit correspondence, in the overhaul should be marked to prevent misplaced. In the operation, we should ensure the specified feeding concentration and keep it stable, and determine the filtration working pressure according to the performance of coal slurry. The pulling time should be controlled reasonably, which can reduce the occurrence of many failures.

concluding remarks

By analysing some common failures of the filter press and adopting corresponding solutions will greatly improve the use of the filter press, thus maintaining normal production and improving economic efficiency.

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